Instrumental values represent the preferred paths or behaviors used to achieve those terminal goals. They are the "hows" of life. Examples include: Hardworking and aspiring. Honest: Sincere and truthful. Imaginative: Daring and creative. Logical: Rational and reasoned. Independent: Self-reliant and self-sufficient. Responsible: Dependable and reliable. The Rokeach Value Survey (RVS)
These represent preferable modes of conduct. They are the behavioral traits and means used to achieve the terminal goals. (hard-working, aspiring) Broadminded (open-minded) Capable (competent, effective) Cheerful (lighthearted, joyful) Clean (neat, tidy) Courageous (standing up for your beliefs) Forgiving (willing to pardon others) Helpful (working for the welfare of others) Honest (sincere, truthful) Imaginative (daring, creative) Independent (self-reliant, self-sufficient) Intellectual (intelligent, reflective) Logical (rational, objective) Loving (affectionate, tender) Obedient (dutiful, respectful) Polite (courteous, well-mannered) Responsible (dependable, reliable) Self-controlled (restrained, self-disciplined) Cognitive Inconsistency and Value Change
The reason so many people search for is because the book contains the full, validated survey instrument in its appendix.
Unlike other psychological tests that use rating scales (e.g., scoring relevance from 1 to 5), the RVS requires participants to the 18 items in each list from 1 (most important) to 18 (least important). rokeach m 1973 the nature of human values pdf
“To say that a person ‘has a value’ is to say that he has an enduring belief that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally and socially preferable.” (p. 7)
The RVS has been widely used in research across sociology, management, and political science to understand organizational culture, consumer behavior, and political attitudes. The Significance of Rokeach's Work
Copy the citation above. Go to your university library portal or Google Scholar. Paste the title. If full access is denied, request it through interlibrary loan. Avoid sketchy PDF download sites. The integrity of your research depends on using legitimate sources. Honest: Sincere and truthful
You might wonder why a 50-year-old PDF is still required reading. Here is why:
Examples: World peace, family security, freedom, happiness, wisdom, and salvation.
The empirical tool introduced in the 1973 text consists of Encyclopedia of Career Development - Rokeach Values Survey. Rather than rating items individually on a scale, participants are required to rank-order them from 1 (most important) to 18 (least important). Independent: Self-reliant and self-sufficient
Values serve as standards that guide actions, judgments, and justifications of behavior.
"The Nature of Human Values" remains a cornerstone of psychological research. By understanding the 36 core values outlined by Rokeach and their hierarchical nature, we gain a deeper insight into why individuals and societies act the way they do.
